View to the southwest. Mile
marker 184 is just above the lower edge of the picture where the
Colorado River begins to curve back toward the left. There are multiple
lava flows and volcanic cinder cones in this section with several
cinder cones visible to the right of the river. The river meets
multiple local branches within the Hurricane Fault Zone in the middle
distance where it turns left again (just before Whitmore Wash/Canyon).
This area is on the west side of the Toroweap Fault and
thus on the "down" side. Hence there has been less net downward cutting
by the river over the last million years. The inner gorge thus records
a million year cyclic history of canyon cutting, partial filling by
lava flows, followed by more canyon cutting, more lava flows, etc.
The Bright Angel Shale that surfaced to the east of the
Toroweap Fault is initially dropped back below the surface west of the
Toroweap Fault, but the strata still tilt upward toward the west.
Within a few miles the Bright Angel surfaces again as well as the lower
Tapeats Sandstone and the top few feet of the underlying Precambrian
schist and granite. Then, west of the Hurricane Fault, these layers are
dropped below the surface again.
View to the west-southwest
with Whitmore Wash/Canyon in the lower right quadrant. The Hurricane
Fault enters from the lower right edge (several local branches) and
continues across the picture through 192 Mile Canyon to the upper left
corner. The strata layers on the far side have been faulted downward by
some 1,300 feet. (The picture below illustrates this.) In the upper
left quadrant of the picture, erosion along the Hurricane Fault Zone
has created 192 Mile Canyon. However, the creek that comes down the
upper part of the fault zone follows a drainage pattern established
before the Hurricane Fault was active, and ignores the fault by turning
westward to join the Colorado River at mile 193.
This view looking due north
from about Mile 192 covers the same area as that shown above, but looks
along the fault zone to illustrate the 1,300-foot displacement. The
topmost surface rock on both sides of the fault is the Kaibab
Limestone. An even better guideline is the Esplanade surface of the
Supai Group. To the right of the fault (east) the Esplanade surface
forms the sloping surface starting in the lower right corner. This same
flattish layer is over 1,000 feet lower to the left of 192 Mile Canyon
(which is in the center foreground).
Return to river
miles 176 to 184
Continue to river
miles 192 to 200
Return to the
Index Page for the Grand Canyon Tour
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